The arrangement has advantages and limitations that occur naturally, but Porsche and Subaru have managed to get around these drawbacks.
It’s not surprising that the final mass-production boxer engine users are Porsche and Subaru. Interestingly, the way a professional boxer strikes is where the idea of a boxer engine comes from. The community refers to these as “Flat engines” because of the horizontal movement and flattened pistons.
The arrangement has advantages and limitations that occur naturally, but Porsche and Subaru have managed to get around these drawbacks. Subaru is more of an approachable vehicle, whereas Porsche caters to a distinct audience.
Both of them face difficulties; one is a brand that focuses on volume, and the other is a luxury sports car manufacturer. Despite their differences, we’ll talk about how Porsche and Subaru were able to overcome several obstacles to develop the boxer engine. Until both automakers switch to totally electric vehicles, which won’t be long from now, both will use these engines.
August 2022 update: The two automakers that have persisted the longest in producing the prestigious boxer engine are also two of the most entertaining. More details about Porsche and Subaru’s dedication to improving this engine design are now included in this article’s update.
In This Article...
What do Porsche and Subaru cars have in common with the Boxer engine?
I’ve heard that Porsche produces the Subaru engine. Possibly exaggerated, but do a lot of the engine’s components actually have the Porsche brand? So says my mechanic, who I trust. The 3.0L variant of a Subaru Tribeca is the one I drive.
Although some flat-6 Subaru engine concepts were created by Porsche, all of them were constructed by Subaru, which is the fundamental source of the brand’s dependability.
The EJ series engines aren’t exactly dependable, lol, due to inadequate cooling, problems with the headgaskets, ringlands, spinning bearings, etc. Since the heads don’t align correctly with the block, headgaskets are purely poor QC and need to be machined to prevent the issue from occurring again. Leaning problems lead to ringlands, and piston slap results in a larger bore and shorter stroke. I could go on and on about how improper lubrication causes bearings to spin…
Does Porsche suffer from the same head gasket leak problems as Subaru? A 2001 Legacy Outback, a 2004 Impreza, and a 2009 Impreza Outback Sport are the three Subarus I’ve owned. At 99,000, 110000, and 120,000 miles, all experienced head gasket blowouts. You say the Boxer engine’s dependability is one of its advantages. Between head gaskets and timing belts, I don’t think so. And I also wonder why you choose to employ the V6 type engine instead of the more widely used straight 4 cylinders from Toyota, Honda, and other manufacturers, which have excellent endurance.
He has no idea what he is talking about; manufacture, not design, is to blame for the head gasket issues. I’ve been a technician for 48 years and have also owned a number of Subarus and Porsches. All flat engines are prone to leaks, but not head gasket issues, such as the ej22. One had hydraulic lifters and a much superior engine than the 2.5, which blew out every head gasket and required valve adjustments, and I still sold it after putting 250k miles on it. The buyer continued to drive it for another 2 or 3 years.
No. This is untrue; the names “Boxer” and “Flat” engines reflect their fundamental differences. In their current product lines, neither Porsche nor Subaru employ “Flat” engines. Porsche employs “Boxer” (4&6) engines in addition to various cylinder configurations.
Only Subaru uses “Boxer” (4&6) engines throughout its full product line.
A “Flat” engine, which is very similar to a 180 degree “V,” uses a crankpin for every pair of opposed cylinders, in contrast to the “Boxer” engine’s single crankpin per cylinder. As a result, the sound, journaling, balance, and firing order are all different.
g.o.o.h. The internals of a flat, boxer, pancake, and opposed cylinder engine have little to do with the 48-year-old mechanic’s ownership of numerous Subaru and Porsche vehicles.
Subarus have Porsche engines, right?
The flat-four was utilised by Porsche GmbH in 1948 to create the 356—its first ever manufacturing car. Subaru debuted its first boxer engine in the tiny Subaru 1000 in 1966, and it has been in use ever since. The only automakers using the style today are Subaru and Porsche.
What kind of engine do the Subaru and Porsche use?
Porsche and Subaru continue to be the two major manufacturers using boxer engines today. Before World War II, the Tatra 97 used the earliest of today’s flat engines just a few years before Volkswagen unveiled the Beetle. The R32 from BMW Motorrad was one of the first bikes to use a flat engine in 1923.
Honda started using a flat-four engine for the Goldwing in 1974 after this, and a flat-six engine was added in 1987. Many automakers began to exhibit interest after World War II, including with Porsche, which unveiled the 356 with an air-cooler flat-four.
Among many others, other noteworthy references are the Alfa Romeo Alfasud (1971-1989), Citroen GS (1970-1986), and Chevrolet Corvair (1959-1969). Naturally, the well-known Ferrari Boxer and Testarossa also had a flat-twelve configuration, albeit they weren’t quite boxers since they were 180-degree V-12s.
Who produces the Porsche engines?
Located at the Porsche Experience Center in Carson, California, just south of downtown Los Angeles, PMNA is a fully owned subsidiary of Porsche A.G. In addition to selling and maintaining customers’ racing vehicles, PMNA also constructs and rebuilds race engines for various Porsche vehicles. It will soon start producing Singer engines, but not the four-valve engine that Williams Advanced Engineering and I co-developed for the crazy DLS. Nicholson McLaren, a UK builder, will continue to make that.
1/10/22 2:30 PM Update: Of the original version of this article, Williams Advanced Engineering was credited with building the engine in Singer’s DLS. The engine is made by Nicholson McLaren but was designed with Williams.
Are boxer engines produced by Porsche?
These engines are technically known as horizontally opposed, but people often refer to them as “boxer” engines because of how closely the horizontal movement of the pistons mimics a boxer’s fists.
Because they are shorter in height than inline and V-type engines, they are sometimes known as “flat” or “pancake” engines. Engineers claim that by lowering the center of gravity of boxer engines, a vehicle’s handling is enhanced. One disadvantage of boxer engines is that, in contrast to, say, an inline four-cylinder that is more upright, access to some components for mechanics may be limited.
Only Porsche, Subaru, and Toyota currently sell “boxers” in their vehicles. Boxer engines have been standard in Porsche 911s since the beginning, and the current lineup includes several six-cylinder variations. Four-cylinder boxers are included in the Porsche 718 Boxster, 718 Cayman, and 718 Spyder.
All of the contemporary Subaru engines have four cylinders and are horizontally opposed. A flat-four Subaru engine is also used by the Toyota 86, a mechanical twin of the Subaru BRZ.
Regardless of whether a boxer engine has four or six cylinders, each piston moves simultaneously inward and outward with half of them facing one way and the other.
The Subaru engine’s manufacturer.
Subaru, a branch of Fuji Heavy Industries, produces a line of flat-6 engines called the Subaru six-cylinder engines. There are three different generations of these engines. The premium model Subaru Alcyone VX’s single engine option from 1988 to 1991 was the ER27, which was derived from the first-generation flat-4 Subaru EA. The successor Subaru Alcyone SVX, which was sold from 1991 to 1996, used the EG33, which was derived from the Subaru EJ second-generation flat-4 and was again its sole engine option. The EZ30 and EZ36 models in the EZ series were created to be virtually as small as the EJ25 flat-4. The EZ30/36 was the first Subaru six-cylinder engine offered outside of the sport coupes, and it was utilized as the top-tier option for the Subaru Legacy (2002–19), Outback/Lancaster (2001–19), and Subaru Tribeca (as well as the only choice).
Where are Subaru motors made?
Subaru is having a wonderful decade so far; its sales in the United States have doubled, and they are having difficulties meeting demand. While that’s fantastic news for Subaru, a thorough investigation by Reuters reveals that in order to keep the Foresters coming off the assembly line, Subaru and its suppliers have used some dubious but legal labor methods.
You should read the complete report from Reuters, which includes video interviews with employees and a graphic showing which companies supply certain pieces of a Forester.
- Since 2011, Subaru’s sales in the US have doubled; the Forester SUV crossover is particularly well-liked here. Its advertising showcases devoted families, adorable dogs, and extraordinarily durable cars, all with the befuddling phrase, “Love. It distinguishes a Subaru as a Subaru.”
- North of Tokyo in the Japanese city of Ota, there is a Subaru production facility. While some automobiles marketed in the United States are put together in an Indiana factory, Ota, Japan, is where Subaru and its suppliers source their parts.
- Workers from the poor world, some of whom are in Japan seeking asylum, are employed by Subaru and its suppliers. Reuters spoke with employees who were from 22 different Asian and African nations.
- A third or more of their wages may be paid to labor brokers, who are also utilized by Subaru’s suppliers in the garment and textile industries.
- Some employees join Subaru through traineeship programs, which ostensibly aim to teach trainees skills they can use when they return to their native nation. Once in Japan, trainees are unable to change employers, and according to the United Nations and the U.S. State Department, trainee conditions might resemble forced labor.
- According to the pay stubs that Reuters examined, Chinese trainees made around half as much money as a Japanese temporary worker would have for the same position.
- Because Japan is unique in that it needs workers but also has immigration restrictions, Subaru reportedly extensively relies on temporary employees and trainees. According to Reuters, 30% of the workers in the Ota factories are foreigners.
- The same factories that produce parts for Subaru also produce parts for Honda, Toyota, and Nissan, three other Japanese manufacturers.
- A reform in the law that allows foreigners seeking asylum to work on renewable six-month permits coincided with Subaru’s growth in sales. Subaru manufactures around 80% of its automobiles in Japan.
- Subaru claims that its suppliers must follow the law when it comes to the employment and treatment of their employees and that the business is ill-equipped to monitor all of its suppliers’ labor policies.
The Subaru boxer engine is made by whom?
Yes, Subaru is the only automaker in the world to power every model in its lineup with a Subaru boxer engine. That means all models, including the flagship Impreza, WRX/STI, Legacy, and BRZ, as well as the Forester, Outback, and Crosstrek.
Porsche uses boxer engines for what reason?
Improved dynamics are its core selling point and the main driver of its popularity. Flat engines are more stable overall because of their design, which also lowers the center of gravity for the entire vehicle, especially when cornering.